Analysis on Production Process of Aluminium Alloy 6063 Extruded Profiles (Part 2)

Homogenizing Treatment

In Alloy 6063, the dissolving temperature of Mg2Si is 520 ℃, and Al-Mg-Si three-phase eutectic temperature is 595 ℃, the actual burning temperature is lower than 595 ℃, so homogenization should be treated between 520-595 ℃.

After homogenization, the following changes occurred in Alloy 6063 structure:

1), Coring Segregation disappeared.

2), Mg2Si is dissolved in α (Al12Fe3Si2), and unbalance eutectic disappeared.

3), The acicular β(Al9Fe2Si2) is transformed into a spherical α (Al12Fe3Si2), and the iron-containing phase particles are refined.

Through the above changes, the extrusion performance and aluminium profile quality will be greatly improved:

The disappearance of coring segregation will reduce the inhomogeneity of metal flow during extrusion and improve the surface finish of extruded profiles;
The decrease and refining of large unbalance phase Mg, Si particles and Al-Fe-Si phase particle in the structure, will reduce the surface crack tendency and increase the extrusion speed;
The solid solution of Mg2Si is the first condition of strengthening the alloy and improving its mechanical properties.

In general, β phase to α phase transition temperature is 580 ℃, but actual trace manganese in alloy added will decrease the temperature of transition, and shorten the transition time. According to the actual situation, reasonable homogenization process of alloy 6063 is 560 ℃ / 6 h.

It should come fast cooling after alloy 6063 homogenization treatment, the precipitation of Mg2Si phase is small and evenly distributed, so as to make the Mg2Si phase in the subsequent heavy dissolve easily in the extrusion process, the solid solubility increases, improve the effect of heat treatment, improve the strength of the alloy. Cooling target should be between 270-320 ℃ metastable precipitation cylinder.the six-party beta Mg2Si phase structure, the nucleation temperature is low, diffusion growth speed slow, small size.According to the experience, the cooling way is best to first powerful air cooled to 250 ℃, 350-500 ℃ / h speed, after 0.5 h, water cooled to 50 ℃.

( to be continued ...... )

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